Industrial lubricant testing items and methods (introduction to related lubricant testing instruments)
Industrial lubricants play an important role in equipment, mainly preventing friction and wear by reducing the friction coefficient, preventing direct contact between metal surfaces, and providing effective lubricating films. Its components include base oils and additives. The base oil provides lubrication, and the additives improve its performance. Lubricants can form a uniform, high-temperature resistant film to block the metal surface and reduce friction and wear. In addition, lubricants can cool equipment, prevent corrosion, and remove pollutants. Correctly selecting suitable lubricants, regular replacement and maintenance are the key to preventing friction and wear.
1. Industrial lubricant testing items, methods and instruments
Industrial lubricant testing is a key step to ensure the normal operation of equipment and extend the life of machinery. The following are some common industrial lubricant testing items, methods and corresponding testing instruments:
1. Lubricant viscosity testing
Test items: 40 degrees, 100 degrees, real-time kinematic viscosity is an important parameter of lubricants, which directly affects the formation of oil film and lubrication effect.
Test methods: Commonly used methods include kinematic viscosity and kinematic viscosity index determination.
Detection instrument: Viscosity detection instrument, such as viscosity sensor and viscometer.
2. Lubricating oil acid value detection
Detection items: Acid value indicates the content of acidic substances in the oil. High acid value may cause equipment corrosion.
Detection method: Acid-base titration is generally used.
Detection instrument: Automatic titrator.
3. Lubricating oil moisture content detection
Detection items: The moisture content in the lubricating oil will reduce the lubrication effect and may cause corrosion.
Detection method: Common methods include coulometric titration and infrared spectroscopy.
Detection instrument: Moisture monitoring sensor, such as coulometric titrator and infrared moisture meter.
4. Lubricating oil wear particle detection
Detection items: Wear particles in lubricating oil are indicators of mechanical wear and have a great impact on the health of the equipment.
Detection method: Optical microscope, laser particle size analyzer and other methods are used for particle counting and analysis.
Detection instrument: Particle size analyzer, such as laser particle size analyzer. 5. Determination of lubricating oil oxidation stability
Test items: Characterize the oxidation stability of lubricating oil under high temperature conditions.
Test method: Use simulated oxidation test to observe the formation of oxidation products and oil degradation.
Test instrument: Oxidation stability instrument, such as oxidation stability tester.
6. Lubricating oil additive content detection
Test items: Additives in lubricating oil affect its performance, such as antioxidants, anti-wear agents, etc.
Test method: Use chromatography, mass spectrometry and other analytical methods.
Test instrument: Chromatograph, mass spectrometer, etc.
7. Oil product identification and classification
Test items: Confirm the brand, model and grade of lubricating oil.
Test method: Use spectral analysis, chromatographic analysis and other methods.
Test instrument: Spectrometer, chromatograph, etc.
Different testing projects require different instruments and methods. Usually, lubricant testing is a comprehensive analysis through multiple means to comprehensively evaluate the state and performance of lubricants.
II. Industrial lubricant testing standards
Industrial lubricant testing is usually carried out in accordance with a series of international or industry standards. The following are some common industrial lubricant testing standards, which are formulated by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) or other relevant organizations:
ISO 3448 - Fluid technology - Industrial lubricant categories - Viscosity grades:
Defines the viscosity grades of industrial lubricants, including ISO VG (viscosity grade) classification.
ISO 4406 - Fluid technology - Code for particle contamination in industrial fluids:
Provides a system for describing the degree of particle contamination in liquids, applicable to lubricating oils and hydraulic oils.
ISO 4407 - Fluid technology - Code for determining the number of particles in a liquid sample:
A method for determining the number of particles in a liquid sample can be used to evaluate the cleanliness of a lubricant.
ISO 4408 - Liquid Fluid Technology - Code for Determining the Number and Size of Particles in Liquid Samples:
Provides methods for determining the number and size of particles in liquid samples, which is useful for evaluating the degree of contamination of lubricants.
ASTM D445 - Liquid Fluid Technology - Determination of Viscosity:
Provides methods for determining the viscosity of liquid fluids, which is applicable to industrial lubricants.
ASTM D92 - Liquid Fluid Technology - Test Methods for Flash Point and Autoignition Point:
Determines the flash point and autoignition point of liquid fluids, which helps to evaluate the safety of lubricants.
ASTM D2896 - Liquid Fluid Technology - Test Method for Determining the Sulfur Content in Liquid Samples:
The method used to determine the sulfur content in liquid samples is important for monitoring lubricant additives and performance.
ASTM D6304 - Liquid Fluid Technology - Test Method for Determining the Water Content in Liquid Samples:
Provides methods for determining the water content in liquid samples, which is applicable to lubricants.
ASTM D5185 - Liquid Fluid Technology - Test Method for Determination of Organic Nitrogen Compounds in Liquids by Gas Chromatography:
Method for determination of organic nitrogen compounds in liquids by gas chromatography.
These standards are usually developed by industry associations, the International Organization for Standardization and other professional organizations. They provide a set of common test methods to ensure that the quality, performance and safety of lubricants meet international standards. In actual applications, manufacturers and users may also choose other relevant standards according to specific needs.
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